Jane McIntosh
ọkà mmụta ihe ochie nke Scotland na onye edemede
Jane McIntosh
| ụdịekere | nwanyị  |
|---|---|
| mba o sị | Obodoézè Nà Ofú |
| aha enyere | Jane |
| aha ezinụlọ ya | McIntosh |
| ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya | 20. century |
| asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye aka | Bekee |
| ọrụ ọ na-arụ | archaeologist, author |
| ebe agụmakwụkwọ | Mahadum nke Cambridge |
Jane McIntosh bụ ọkà mmụta ihe ochie na onye edemede Scotland.
Okwu ndị okwuru
dezie- Ọganihu Indus agbaghawo nghọta nke ndị ọkà mmụta kemgbe achọpụtara ya ihe dị ka afọ iri asatọ gara aga, na n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya itinye nyocha nke usoro na nsogbu, tinyere ọtụtụ data ọhụrụ na nke a na-atụghị anya ya, agbaghawo ọtụtụ nkọwa ndị gara aga.
- Jane McIntosh, Ndagwurugwu Indus ochie, 2008
- N'ụzọ dị iche, mgbanwe ndị na-ewere ọnọdụ na Ndagwurugwu Saraswati na mmalite narị afọ nke abụọ nke abụọ nwere ike ịbụ nnukwu ihe nyere aka na ọdịda Indus. N'oge Harappan, Saraswati bụ nnukwu osimiri na-esi na Siwaliks na-erute opekata mpe na Bahawalpur, ebe ọ nwere ike kwụsị na nnukwu mmiri dị n'ime ala. Osimiri Saraswati oge ochie na-eri nri site n'ọtụtụ obere osimiri ndị na-ebili na Siwaliks, ma ọ na-adọta akụkụ ka ukwuu nke mmiri ya site na osimiri abụọ buru ibu na-ebili na Himalaya: Sutlej na Yamuna. N'oge ọ dị elu, Saraswati dị ka ọ kwadoro ebe obibi kacha sie ike ma nyekwa mkpụrụ osisi kachasị ukwuu nke akụkụ ọ bụla nke mpaghara Indus. Yamuna, nke nyere ọtụtụ mmiri na-eru na Drishadvati, bụ isi iyi nke Saraswati, gbanwere ụzọ ya, ikekwe n'isi mmalite narị afọ nke abụọ, ịbanye n'ime mmiri mmiri Ganges. Ihe fọdụrụ na Drishadvati ghọrọ obere na oge: saịtị Harappan ikpeazụ na Bahawalpur gbadoro ụkwụ na mpaghara Sarawati ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Yazman, nke Sutlej na-enye nri. Ka oge na-aga, Sutlej gbanwekwara ụzọ ya ma ndị Indus weghaara ya. Mgbanwe ndị a wetara oké mbibi nke Ndagwurugwu Saraswati, bụ́ nke ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị narị afọ ahụ, a kọwara dị ka ebe a na-akwa ite na mkpọmkpọ ebe nke ndị bi na ya pụọ. N'otu oge ahụ ọhụrụ obodo pụtara na mpaghara ndịda na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, na elu Ganges-Yamuna doab. Ụfọdụ nọ n'okporo ụzọ palaeochannel nke na-aka akara ntụgharị ihu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Yamuna. O yikarịrị ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọbịa Harappan Late na-abịa na Ndagwurugwu Saraswati.
- Jane McIntosh, Ndagwurugwu Indus ochie, 2008
- Mbelata nke obodo obodo Harapp nwere ike nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-enye aka. Mgbanwe a na itinye uche na ịkọ ihe ọkụkụ na mpaghara dịpụrụ adịpụ nke steeti ahụ nwere ike ịkpaghasị usoro nhazi maka mmepụta nka, nchekwa ide mmiri obodo, ịrụzi ụlọ na igbapu mmiri, na ọrụ ndị ọzọ a haziri n'ihu ọha bụ nke steeti ahụ dabere na nke ọma. Mbelata nke mmiri nke Saraswati na nzaghachi nke ndị ọrụ ugbo ya site na ịkwaga na mpaghara n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ mebiri ịdị n'otu gara aga nke steeti Harappan, na-akpaghasị njikọ ya na ikike ya ịchịkwa netwọk nkesa n'ime.
- Jane McIntosh, Ndagwurugwu Indus ochie, 2008
